Black Byre Plantation
Wood, Forest in Northumberland
England
Black Byre Plantation
Black Byre Plantation is a sprawling woodland located in the picturesque county of Northumberland, England. Covering an area of approximately 500 acres, it is a haven for nature enthusiasts, hikers, and wildlife lovers alike. The plantation is situated near the charming village of Byreburn, just a short drive from the bustling market town of Hexham.
The woodland is predominantly composed of a diverse range of deciduous and coniferous trees, including oak, beech, birch, and spruce, creating a rich tapestry of colors throughout the seasons. The forest floor is adorned with an array of wildflowers, ferns, and mosses, adding to the enchanting atmosphere.
Traversing the plantation are numerous well-marked trails, offering visitors the opportunity to explore its hidden wonders. The paths meander through the dense foliage, providing glimpses of the tranquil Byreburn River that gently flows through the heart of the woodland. Along the way, there are several benches strategically placed, providing weary explorers with a place to rest and soak in the peaceful surroundings.
Black Byre Plantation is a haven for wildlife, with a diverse range of species calling it home. Birdwatchers can spot a variety of feathered friends, including woodpeckers, nuthatches, and owls. The plantation is also home to a thriving population of red squirrels, which can often be seen darting amongst the branches.
Visitors to Black Byre Plantation can expect to be immersed in a serene and natural environment, where the beauty of the woodland is truly awe-inspiring. Whether it's a leisurely stroll, a challenging hike, or simply a place to reconnect with nature, this woodland gem in Northumberland offers something for everyone.
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Black Byre Plantation Images
Images are sourced within 2km of 54.958569/-2.2719717 or Grid Reference NY8262. Thanks to Geograph Open Source API. All images are credited.
Langley Garden Station
"The Langley smeltmill was built in 1768 by Greenwich Hospital and expanded in the 1770s to include two refining furnaces (for extracting silver from lead ore), a reducing furnace (to convert waste lead into metallic lead) and a slag hearth (for resmelting waste slag from the ore hearths). A second smeltmill was built at Blagill in the 1780s. Both shared the same flue system, the first section of which was built between 1801 and 1803. By 1805, each smeltmill had three ore hearths, a double refining furnace, a slag hearth and roasting and reducing furnaces. By 1817, zinc was also being smelted at Langley and, although initially successful, it could not compete with competition from Germany and these works closed in 1822. Langley Mill had expanded during this period and between 1845 and 1860 the flue system was also extended. Most of Blagill Mill seems to have been demolished by about 1860 with some of the remaining buildings being converted into cottages. The last section of the flue system and the chimney were completed by 1882. The smeltmills finally closed in 1887 and much of the works were demolished by 1896. The entire layout of Langley Mill survives as earthworks which together with the Blaghill Mill site, represent a complex lead works of two separate smeltmills. This is a Scheduled Monument and the chimney is also a Grade II Listed Building protected by law."
Keys to the Past (Reference number: N7649) Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Langley Garden Station
"The Langley smeltmill was built in 1768 by Greenwich Hospital and expanded in the 1770s to include two refining furnaces (for extracting silver from lead ore), a reducing furnace (to convert waste lead into metallic lead) and a slag hearth (for resmelting waste slag from the ore hearths). A second smeltmill was built at Blagill in the 1780s. Both shared the same flue system, the first section of which was built between 1801 and 1803. By 1805, each smeltmill had three ore hearths, a double refining furnace, a slag hearth and roasting and reducing furnaces. By 1817, zinc was also being smelted at Langley and, although initially successful, it could not compete with competition from Germany and these works closed in 1822. Langley Mill had expanded during this period and between 1845 and 1860 the flue system was also extended. Most of Blagill Mill seems to have been demolished by about 1860 with some of the remaining buildings being converted into cottages. The last section of the flue system and the chimney were completed by 1882. The smeltmills finally closed in 1887 and much of the works were demolished by 1896. The entire layout of Langley Mill survives as earthworks which together with the Blaghill Mill site, represent a complex lead works of two separate smeltmills. This is a Scheduled Monument and the chimney is also a Grade II Listed Building protected by law."
Keys to the Past (Reference number: N7649) Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Bridge over disused railway near Langley Garden Station
The bridge carries a farm track over the cutting of the disused Hexham & Allendale Railway here in a cutting just east of Langley Garden Station.
Langley Lead Smelt Mill Flue Bridge, east of Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelt Mill Flue Bridge, east of Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelt Mill Flue Bridge, east of Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelt Mill Flue Bridge, east of Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelt Mill Flue Bridge, east of Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Surviving arch of horizontal flue near Langley Flue Bridge
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Remaining building of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills
The two-storey rear elevation of this building is shown here NY8361 : Remaining building of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills.
"One nearly complete building survives at the east end of the area, 60m east of Sawmill Cottages, which has been interpreted as a coal and lime house dating to before 1805. This twin celled, two storey stone building built into the rising ground, retains some flooring and more than half of its stone slab roofing. Across the trackway behind this building there is the approximately 2m high earthwork dam for the reservoir (which still holds water). This reservoir was part of a complex water management system which supplied water to both mills."
Link
Remaining building of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills
Two-storey rear of ruined building shown here NY8361 : Remaining building of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills
Building north-west of Langley Garden Station
This building at the west end of the eastern reservoir is shown on the 25 inch scale Ordnance Survey map published in 1897 and is a surviving building from Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills.
Keys to the Past (N13736) describes:
"This early 19th century building was the former store and office of the Langley Lead Smelting Mill. It is the only standing building left from this once extensive complex. This is a Grade II Listed Building protected by law."
Link Archive Link
Beamish Museum's People's Collection have an undated photo of this building here: Link Archive Link
Langley and Blagill lead smeltmills, flue and chimney (Scheduled Monument)
Link
Archive Link
Beamish Museum's People's Collection have an undated photo of this building here: Link Archive Link
Langley and Blagill lead smeltmills, flue and chimney (Scheduled Monument)
Link
Sawmill Cottages (south-west range), Langley
"The building range known as Sawmill Cottages, which includes a two storey house at the east end of a row of three cottages, is excluded from the scheduling, although the ground beneath it and the flue which exits the building through the south wall are included. The 1805 plan of Blagill Mill shows this range of buildings to be the reducing and refining house. Across the trackway to the west of the cottage conversions there is another range of buildings, mostly surviving as wall footings with the easternmost single storey lean-to building still roofed and used as a garage. This building range is considered to have comprised ancillary buildings (such as store-rooms and workshops) and will retain buried deposits that will allow the identification of their functions."
Link
Allen Valleys Local History Group have a photo of these buildings taken in 1905: Link Archive Link
Allen Valleys Local History Group have a photo of these buildings taken in 1905: Link Archive Link
Sawmill Cottages (north-east range), Langley
A range of buildings here is shown on the first edition OS 6" scale map (published in 1865). However, it is not part of the scheduled area of the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills. The cottages remain occupied and have been greatly improved or rebuilt.
Link
Wire deer sculpture near Flue Bridge, Langley Garden Station
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Course of horizontal flue of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mill
"The Langley smeltmill was built in 1768 by Greenwich Hospital and expanded in the 1770s to include two refining furnaces (for extracting silver from lead ore), a reducing furnace (to convert waste lead into metallic lead) and a slag hearth (for resmelting waste slag from the ore hearths). A second smeltmill was built at Blagill in the 1780s. Both shared the same flue system, the first section of which was built between 1801 and 1803. By 1805, each smeltmill had three ore hearths, a double refining furnace, a slag hearth and roasting and reducing furnaces. By 1817, zinc was also being smelted at Langley and, although initially successful, it could not compete with competition from Germany and these works closed in 1822. Langley Mill had expanded during this period and between 1845 and 1860 the flue system was also extended. Most of Blagill Mill seems to have been demolished by about 1860 with some of the remaining buildings being converted into cottages. The last section of the flue system and the chimney were completed by 1882. The smeltmills finally closed in 1887 and much of the works were demolished by 1896. The entire layout of Langley Mill survives as earthworks which together with the Blaghill Mill site, represent a complex lead works of two separate smeltmills. This is a Scheduled Monument and the chimney is also a Grade II Listed Building protected by law."
Keys to the Past (Reference number: N7649) Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Langley Lead Smelting Mills and James Mulcaster's description of 1806 SM Linsley: Link Archive Link
Course of horizontal flue of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills
In 1801-1803, the first section of horizontal flue was constructed, which extended 70m to 75m uphill from Langley Mill. The last 500m section of flue leading to Stublick Chimney was built after the first edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey map and was complete by 1882. The flue zig zags up the hillside. It is thought to have been constructed as a stone lined trench about 1.5m wide which was arched over with a single thickness of pitched stones and then covered with the earth excavated from the trench, thus stabilising the construction. For most of its length the flue survives as an earthwork averaging 1m high and 6-7m wide with a hollow running along its top where the stone arching has collapsed.
The flue was modified in the 1860s to allow the construction of the Hexham to Allendale railway, with a stone bridge being built to carry the flue across the railway cutting. Langley Mill actively tried to recover lead from the fumes of the furnaces and the earthwork remains of a steam-powered condenser and associated features such as low mounds of boiler waste, are included in the scheduling.
The Flue Bridge was built in the 1860s to carry the horizontal flue from the Langley & Blagill Lead Smelt Mills over the Hexham & Allendale Railway in a cutting just east of Langley Station. Unlike the bridge just to its west the Flue Bridge does not have a parapet as it was not designed for pedestrian or animal traffic.
The site of the Langley and Blagill lead smelt mills, flue and chimney are a Scheduled Monument (List Entry 1018211) Link
Visible top of arch of horizontal flue of Langley & Blaghill Lead Smelt Mills
The top of the flue arch is just visible below the masonry of the eastern parapet wall on the north side of the bridge which carries a track over the disused railway cutting east of Langley Garden Station NY8261 : Bridge over disused railway near Langley Garden Station.
Black Byre Plantation is located at Grid Ref: NY8262 (Lat: 54.958569, Lng: -2.2719717)
Unitary Authority: Northumberland
Police Authority: Northumbria
What 3 Words
///retailing.storage.swanky. Near Haydon Bridge, Northumberland
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A Night In Langley Castle, England - 14th-Century Castle Hotel | Trip101
A real 14th-century medieval castle is now an upscale hotel and restaurant set in the gorgeous Northumberland countryside.
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